Paracetamol (INN) or acetaminophen (USAN) is a common analgesic and antipyretic drug that is used for the relief of fever, headaches, and other minor aches and pains.
Mode of action:
Paracetamol has antipyretic, analgesic and mild anti-inflammatory properties. Inhibits the excitability of the thermoregulatory center, also inhibits (suppresses) the synthesis of prostaglandins, mediators of inflammation with severe organic effect.
Paracetamol is rapidly absorbed in the upper intestine, penetrates into all tissues of the body, is metabolized in the liver to form glyukorangida sulfate and acetaminophen, is released in the kidneys. A small amount of paracetamol deacetylated to form a para-aminophenol, which contributes to the formation of methemoglobin, it determines the toxicity of the drug. Bondability of paracetamol to plasma proteins of blood is 25%. The maximum concentration of the drug when administered there in 30-40 minutes. Antipyretic effect after 1.5-2 hours. The half-life of paracetamol 2-4 hours.
With prolonged use of paracetamol at high doses, the drug may cause hepatotoxicity.
Indications for use:
Paracetamol is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of pain of various origins of mild to moderate intensity: headache, toothache, tuberculosis, myalgia, neuralgia, back pain, arthralgia, as well as conditions that are accompanied by hyperthermic response in infectious and inflammatory diseases.
How to use:
Tablets
Adult single dose of paracetamol is 0.35-0.5 g 3-4 times a day with a maximum single dose of 1.5 g for adults, the maximum daily dose of 3-4 g drug should be taken after meals, drinking plenty of water .
For children from 9 to 12 years, the maximum daily dose of 2 g
For children 3 to 6 years, the maximum daily dose of 1-2 g of paracetamol, the rate of 60 mg per 1 kg of body weight of the child in 3-4 hours.
Rectal suppositories
For children aged 1 month to 3 years, rectal suppositories are used, a single dose of paracetamol is 15 mg per 1 kg of body weight daily - 60 mg per 1 kg of body weight of the child. Multiplicity of uses 3-4 times a day.
For adults and adolescents with a body weight above 60 kg, single dose of 0.35-0.5 g, the maximum single dose of 1.5 g 3-4 times a day. The daily dose of 3-4 g
For children from 6 to 12 years, the maximum daily dose of 2 g of 4 admission.
For children 3 to 6 years, the maximum daily dose of 1-2 g of paracetamol, the rate of 60 mg per 1 kg of body weight of the child in 3-4 hours.
Syrup
For children aged 3 to 12 months of 2.5-5 ml syrup (60-120 mg paracetamol).
For children from 1 year to 5 years - 5-10 ml syrup (120-240 mg paracetamol).
For children aged 5 to 12 years - 10-20 ml syrup (240-480 mg paracetamol).
Adults and children weighing more than 60 kg - 20-40 ml syrup (480-960 mg paracetamol).
The frequency of administration of paracetamol syrup 3-4 times a day.
If at the time of paracetamol patient's condition did not improve, it is imperative to inform the doctor.
Side effects:
Blood system: anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, methemoglobinemia.
From system selection: renal colic, aseptic pyuria, glomerulonephritis.
The nervous system: irritability or drowsiness vice versa.
Cardio-vascular system: loss of contractility of the heart muscle.
On the part of the digestive system: nausea, pain in the epigastric region. With prolonged use of paracetamol in large doses it may cause hepatotoxicity.
Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, angioneurotic edema.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to paracetamol, liver and kidney failure.
When used as a rectal suppository contraindications include inflammatory diseases of the rectal mucosa.
Pregnancy:
With care prescribe paracetamol during pregnancy and lactation.
Interactions with other drugs:
With the simultaneous use of barbiturates, antiepileptic drugs, rifampicin may increase the hepatotoxic effects of paracetamol, as well as reducing its antipyretic effect. Paracetamol increases the effects of indirect coagulants (coumarin derivatives). Enhances the effect of salicylic acid, caffeine, codeine. When combined with phenobarbital increases methemoglobinemia. Paracetamol increases the effect of muscle relaxants. Can not be used with other paracetamol containing paracetamol preparations to avoid overdosing.
Overdose:
If the amount of the drug taken by many times the maximum recommended dose, it can cause toxic effects on the liver, which is accompanied by lethargy, pallor of the skin and visible mucous membranes, nausea, vomiting and dizziness. Most of these symptoms develop during the first day. If you notice such symptoms should seek immediate medical attention, as shown urgent hospitalization. As an antidote used Ν-acetylcysteine intravenously or orally. Also recommended detoxification and symptom management.
Product:
Tab. 0.2 g contour packaging, № 10.
Storage:
Keep out of reach of children at temperature not exceeding 25 degrees Celsius.
Synonyms:
Junior Panadol, Tylenol, Ifimol, Aminodol Atsetofen, Panadol, Panadol solyubl, Opradol, Ushamol, Valadol, Valorin, Atselifen, Abesanil, Atsetalgin, Aktazol, Algotoropil, Aminofen, Dimindol, Dolaneks, Dolipram, Apagan, Biotsetamol, Tselifen, Tsetadol, Dapireks , Dolamin, Efferalglan, Erotsetamol, Febridol, Patsimol, Pirinazin, Tralgon, Piremol, Febritset, Kalpol, Febrinol, Nasprin, Atsemol, cetanes, Apamid, Acetaminophen, acetaminophenol, Hemtsetafen, Datril, Deksamol, Efferalgan, Febrinil, Fendon,, Mialgin, Napamol, Naprinol, Alvedon, Amphenol, Dafalgan, Deminofen, Meksalen, Apanol, Nizatsetol, Rolotsin, Tempramol, Volpan, Vinadol, Akamol, Bindard, Paramol, Metamol, Tilemin, Tylenol, Valgezik, Minoset.
In addition:
Paracetamol is a part of such combination products: paravoy for children, Paramin, Parapasta, Para-trawl Parafeks, Pentalgin, Farmatsitron, Fervex, Koldreks, Cold, Flu, Askofen, tempalgin, sedalgin-neo-M sedan.
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